Steam-boiler.



'c'. CAMPBELL.

STEAM' Boum.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I6, I9I5.

1,211,912. I Patented ,131149, 1917.

FIGA

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ATWDNEY around the boiler tu the purpose of adding V has passed COLIN CAMPBELL, OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-B OILER.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

Application iled April 16, 1915. Serial No. 21,812.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, COLIN CAMPBELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at utherford, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Boilers, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, is a full, clear, and, concise description thereof. My present invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of steam boilers and, among the objects of the invention, are to provide a liame or baiiie-wall adjacent the fire-box of such construction will effectually withstand the high temperatures encountered and ontlast, even under overload conditions, baliie-walls as `now commonly constructed.-

A further object of my invention is to provide, in connection with baflie-walls and boiler-tubes, as heretofore used, a clamping device of such construction. that when cooperatively associated with the tubes and walls, they will add support to, and strengthen, the latter as well as prevent -leakage of combustible frases therethrough and es. This clamping device is designed to act as a substitute for the supporting or strengthening. crossbeams, or what are commonly known as flame-bars extending between the adjacent rows of tubes a-nd across the apparatus for rigidity and support y improved clamp is to the baffle-wall.

of such novel construction that it may be' expeditiously applied to Athe tubes, notwithstanding the limited operating space that ordinarily exists between the individual tubes.

A further object of my invention is to provide, in a new and novel manner, means for .introducing an increment of atmospheric air to the gases of combustion, as difliculties often arise in drawing the proper amount of air through the fuelv bed, owing to irregularities in the or resistance to the passage therethrough, on account of ashes, clinkers, etc., which prevents the full heat value of the fuel being developed. By means of my invention this auxiliary air inlet introduces the air at a point where it will be caused to co-mingle with the volume of passing gas beforeit through, what is commonly referred to as the second pass of the ap- .cross-beam, in lieu of -so that said steam may .the conventional form of thickness of the fire,

paratus. In addition to serving as an auxiliary air inlet, this feature of my invention also serves the function of a strengthening the ordinary L-beam now commonly employed. One advantage of combining the cross-beam and the auxillary air inlet 1n the manner to lengthen the life of said to the fact that the cool incoming air counteracts the destructive tendency of thehigh temperatureslof the combustible gases.' In this way the metal does not deteriorate with the same rapidity as heretofore.

Finally, according to another phase of my invention, I associate with the auxiliary-air inlet passage a steam injector, the nozzle of which is so positioned as to direct a stream of steam longitudinally therethrough serve as a vehicle to propel the air into the combustion cham- Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates a conventional form of steam boiler embodying my invention, one side wall being broken away to show the interior structural arrangement of the parts. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail, partly in cross section, on an enlarged scale, showing my improved construction of ame or bafflewall, repair clamp and combined cross-beam and auxiliary air inlet. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modification and omitting the cross-beam. Fig. 4 is a View in cross section showing one end of the hollow auxiliary air inlet-beam. and a steam injector. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing lire brick, the individual bricks of which are separated other by a layer of high temperature cement, a feature which accords With one phase of my invention. Fig. 6 is a plan view of my repair clamp in clamping tion. Fig. is a perspective view in open position. Fig. 8 is a view in side elevation of a modification thereof. Fig. 9 is a fragmentary detail of the rearmetal baflie plates, in front plan, showing the series of angularly-disposed boiler tubes in section and illustrating the manner in which leakage of gases occur in the present known construction when the brick-work facing becomes defective, or breaks down.

In the conventional form of steam boiler illustrated the gases of combustion rise from the fire and pass around the device in the I propose, is

beam owing manner' indicated by the arrows, passing first through the forward portion, then over the topof the flame or baille-wall 1, and then downwardly through the central or what is commonly referred to as the sccond pass, the gases being directed and caused to flow in this direction by the hanging bridge-wall@ and the second battle 3, thence through the rear portion of the apparatus, from whence it is led to -the stack or flue through the rear wall.

The flame, or baffle-wall, as commonly constructed, comprises a pair of metal plates through which the tubes project, these being reinforced on the fire side by a layer of fire brick of the conventional form shown in Fig. 5. Where a. vertical'balii'e-wall is used, and the tube is disposed at an angle, as shown 'specificallyV in Fig. v9 there exists between the vorifice of the baille-plate and the tube, clearances or spaces, 3a, 'which` would permit the passage of the gases if it were not for the adjacent layer of fire brick. Frequently, however, owing to the high teniperature of the combustible gasesthe brick work deteriorates, disintegrates or otherwise becomes defective, causing a leakage through the wall and around the tubes. Whensuch openings occur the combustible gases flow through the wall into the second pass without contacting with all of the tubes in the first pass. This passing of the gases also results in a destruction of the iron-work, as well as causing the gases to be directed toward and impinge on the second flame-wall or bridge, thus tending to destroy it, and when such gases penetrate thesecond baile, or flame-wall, they` are caused to pass direct to the stack without inripinging or 'contacting with all of the tubes in each pass, as intended. Thus, the boiler efficiency :is very greatly reduced. In order to overcome these objectionable characteristics of the present known construction,` I have .devised the clampin device illustrated in detail in Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive.

- the `boiler tube and abut against the rear metal plate of the baffle-wall, as' is shown in u Figs. 1, 2 'and 3. The clamp comprises .essentially two semi-annular parts 4 and 5, the

same being hinged' at one end by the slotted l the boiler tubeand the plate by rea on ofthe A opening that may exist' ormay' occur-*between relativef'contraction or expansion of metals,

or by reason of loose t, or otherwise. kTherefore, should the brickworkbecome defective,

. the combustible gases 4will be prevented from penetratin thebae-wall and will be caused to flow t eirintended course around all `ofthe tubesv thus. produce maximum' bridge. This clamping device is designed to cooperate with and surround efficiency. The two-part clamp is provided with a tightening bolt 8 through the instrumentality of which an absolutely tight con- Y having an angular portion which is received 75 within and interlocks with a correspondingly shaped counter-sunk end 8a of one of the bolt receiving openings. The` nut is thusv locked against relative rotation so that the bolt can be readily tightened or loosened '80 by applying a suitable tool to the polygonal head thereof. This construction admits of the baffle clamps or collars being easily handled and readily applied to the tubes,

even in the very limited space which i s pro- 8F vided between the tubes.

In cases where the iame o'r baille-wall 1 is perpendicularly positioned and the tubes are positioned at an angle thereto, I form the clamping device as shown in Fig. S, in 9( which the wall-abutting flange 7 isvertical,

-while the tube-receiving bore or opening of the clamp is angularly disposed thereto, as

is shown clearly in this illustration. By using a clamp of the `described construction the desired repair may be made cheaply and expeditiously. By hinging the two parts, as proposed, the clamp may be applied to a tube conveniently notwithstanding the limited space which is available to operate in.

A clamping device of the construction yillustrated has great gripping and holding power,and the more the bolt 8 is tightened, the greater will be the bite of the clamp parts upon the tubes, and thus a very rigid connection between the tube and the clamp is obtained .which adds greatly to the ability of the clamp to support the baliie or flame lAccording to another tion, I construct the ba e or flame-wall 1 in such a manner as will eifectually withstand thehigh temperatures of the gases of combustion and prevent leakage around the tubes and ,through the wall. by interposing between the individual brick, of which the wall is. partly' constructed, a

' layer of refractory cement 9 that withstands.

high temperature, 'and preferably add an additional layer of brick 10 to the wall with 120 a layer of high temperature cement 11 separating the adjacent brick layers, as shown in detail in Fig. 2. Iy find by actual practice'that a' wall so constructed is very diirable and will outlast any name-Wall thathas 125 been used in the past'of which I have knowledge. I. may, instead of using two or more layers of brick, use a' single layer with a layer of high temperature cement 11 interposed between it and the metal plate 12 of 1 hase of my inven-` I do this .tending across the bank the wall, as shown in'Fig. 3. Such a construction possesses advantages which are not obtained struction.

According to another phase 'of my invention, I substitute for the usual L-beam exof tubes at the top of the Haine-wall and which is supported by the side walls of the apparatus, a rectangular hollow beam 13 and utilize the saine as an air intake for the admission of atmospheric air to the interior of the apparatus for increasing the combustion of the gases. This beam is provided with a suitable air inlet 14C opened to the atmosphere and suitable outlets l5 opening from the hollow passage 16 into the combustion chamber. I

. also provide a ste m injector 17 at the e beam for the purpose trance to the hollow of propelling the air inwardly. It is inanifest that the incoming cool air has a tendency to maintain the cross-beam 13 at a much lower degree of temperature than it otherwise would be if it simply contacted with the high temperature gases. Thus, the life of the beam of my improved construction is inuch greater than the usual form Y of L-beain heretofore used. In addition to this, the added increment of oxygen to the gases is made at a most desirable point, to

Wit: where it Will co-mingle with all of the gases as they flow to the second pass.

lVhile I have disclosed in the accompanying drawings preferable embodiments of the features of my invention, I do so by way of example only, having it understood that copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the by Walls of present known con?V I do not limit myself to the specific structural -characteristics disclosed, as the saine may be varied without departing from in v invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new7 herein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is zl. The combination with a flame wall and boiler tube, of a baffle collar formed in seetions, each section including a f1ange'adapted to fit against the flame wall and a flange adapted to fit against the tube, and the tube engaging fianges coperating' with each other to form a bore disposed at an angle to the plane of the fiame wall engaging flanges, and means for locking the sections in operative position.

2. The combination with a flamewall and boiler tube, of a baffle collar formed in conipleinental sections, each vsection including a Haine wall engaging fiange and a boiler tube engaging fiange, the complemental sections being provided at one end thereof with 'corresponding ears having bolt receiving openings therein and having a detachable and interlocking hinged connection at the opposite ends thereof, a clamping bolt passing through the bolt receivingv openings of the ears, and a mit engaging the threaded m hand.

y COLIN CAMPBELL.

so as to be held against Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

vend of the bolt and constructed to interlock 

